NanoIntegris

Sorting Carbon Nanotubes by Electronic Structure using Density Differentiation

Application: CNT Sorting Technologies

Citation: Arnold, M., et. al., Nature Nanotechnology (2006), 1, 60-65

Summary: This foundational paper established density gradient ultracentrifugation as the technical and commercial solution to the “carbon nanotube polydispersity” problem. It is the most cited paper in the history of Nature Nanotechnology.

Wafer-Scale Fabrication of Separated Carbon Nanotube Thin-Film Transistors for Display Applications

Application: OLED

Citation: Wang, C., et. al., Nano Letters (2009), 9, 12, 4285-4291

Summary: This paper demonstrates a functioning OLED display device based on a waferscale assembly of carbon nanotube thinfilm transistors. Using IsoNanotubes S 95%, the University of California produced transistors with high yield (>98%), small sheet resistance (25kΩ/sq), high current density ( 10µA/µm), and superior mobility (52 cm 2 V-1s-1). Moreover, on/off rations of >10^4 were achieved in devices with channel length L>20µm. To the best of our knowledge, these are the best concurrent CNT transistor numbers reported in the literature to date.

Thin Film Nanotube Transistors Based on Self-Assembled, Aligned Semiconducting Carbon Nanotube Arrays

Application: Transistors

Citation: Engel, M., et al., ACS Nano (2008), 2, 2445-2452.

Summary: The IBM T.J. Watson Research Center with Northwestern University fabricated thin-film transistors (TFTs) from DGU produced semiconducting CNTs. To confirm the semiconducting purity of the CNTs, the team synthesized 83 single nanotube transistors from the same DGU produced source material. 82 of the 83 transistors were found to contain a semiconducting nanotube, empirically confirming the material's calculated level (99%) of semiconducting enrichment.

Colored Semitransparent Conductive Coatings Consisting of Monodiserse Metallic Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Application: Transparent Conductive Films

Citation: Green, A., et al., Nano Letters (2008) 8, 1417-1422.

Summary: This paper discusses the performance of DGU-produced metallic nanotubes in transparent conductive films. In comparison to unsorted-CNT films, metallic films were found to be up to 5.6x more conductive in the visible spectrum, and 10x more conductive in the near infrared (NIR) at similar transparencies.

80 GHz Field-Effect Transistors Produced Using High Purity Semiconducting Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Application: High Frequency Electronic Devices

Citation: Nougaret, L., et al., Applied Physics Letters (2009) 94, 243505.

Summary: In this study, solutions of 99% pure semiconducting nanotubes were used to fabricate SWNT field-effect transistors (FETs) with extrinsic and intrinsic current gain cutoff frequencies of ~15 and ~80 GHz, respectively. Importantly, this study also demonstrates that precise nanotube alignment is not required to achieve excellent performance in high-frequency devices.

Progress Towards Monodisperse Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes

Application: CNT Sorting Technologies

Citation: Hersam, Nature Nanotechnology (2008) 3, 387-394

Summary: This paper discusses the advantages of DGU over other nanotube sorting strategies, such as dielectrophoresis, selective chemistry, controlled electrical breakdown, and chromatography. In brief, the principle advantages of DGU are its:

• Demonstrated scalability
• Compatibility with a wide range of starting materials
• Use of reversible functionalization chemistry
• Iterative repeatability